Ἷ Ӵտ
ӫѡ 1880
ѡ ӫѡ 29
ߴ ӫѡ 8
ԫ ӫѡ ɴ߬ ., ӫ߬ ., .ҽ
Ҽѡ
ɫߴ Ѽ ӫ ӿ Ӵտ.
Ҽӽ ӫѡ. ū ӫ ӿ Ὣڿ ѡ߬ Ӭ .ҽ
ᡡ Ἣ. 17 ӫѽ,
ի. ٽ ߿ ѽ Կ ,
1899. һ
ԫ[1] [2]
Ҽѡ (Ӵտ), ԯѼ ԫ
Ҽѡ (Ӵտ)
-
Ҫѡ
-
ɴ߬ ., ӫ߬ ., ߫-ѫѡ߬ Ҫ߬
䫽 ߽ޡ
1899
ѡ 5
ߴ 12
1913
ѡ 20
ߴ 4
իߴ .ӫ߬, Ѭ ӫ.
ߡټ ߽Ѽ ٽ ѡ ӫ, Ѽ
ߴ ẽ իѡ . ի-
ѡ ߫Ӫ
1913
ѡ 21
ߴ 4
ԫ ɴ߬ ., ӫ߬ ., ߫-ѫѡ߬ Ҫ߬
ӿ ߬ ӿ ԫ Կ
-
ɴ߬ ., ӫ߬ ., ߫-ѫѡ߬ Ҫ߬
1913
ѡ 21
ߴ 4
1913
ѡ 17
ߴ 8
ԡ ẽ ߽: սѬӡ, ӫӡ, ԫӡ
߬, ѽ ӫ
-
ӫᬫ
1913
ѡ 18
ߴ 8
ԫ ɴ߬ ., ӫ߬ ., ߫-ѫѡ߬ Ҫ߬
-
ɴ߬ ., ӫ߬ ., ߫-ѫѡ߬ Ҫ߬
ӫᬫ
1913
ѡ 18
ߴ 8
1914
ѡ 15
ߴ 11
-
ӫ
1914
ѡ 16
ߴ 11
ԫ ɴ߬ ., ӫ߬ ., ߫-ѫѡ߬ Ҫ߬
-
ɴ߬ ., ӫ߬ ., ߫-ѫѡ߬ Ҫ߬
ӫ
1914
ѡ 16
ߴ 11
1919
ū ߽ѡ ի ߬ ѽ ӫ :
-߬ , ĻԿ ١, ӫ.
ѡټ Ἷ ߫ ѽ Ӫ
. ߽ ӫ ٽ ԡٮ ի ӡ
Ѯ ӿ "滫 ޡ" ѽ ɴ߬ . ի
ѽ ԡټ ի ߽ տ, Ѯ ѡ.
1919. ٽ , ӫ ߽Ҫ ūӫ߬
Ӭ .Ѻ
ɴ߬ ., ߬ ., .Ѻ (١ ɴ߬ ., ߬ .), ūӫ߬ Ӭ
ӫ
䫽 ԫѽ
1919
1926
߬ ߽ 1919. ԫѽ ūӫ߬ Ӭ .쿬 ߬ߴ,
ԫ ٽ ạѡ ӫ . ߽Ҫѡ ӿի ߫
߬ . ūӫ߬ Ӭ ӿѬ ѽ ߽
үڿ Ѯ — ᡡ-߽߬,
ԫѡ߬, ӫ߬ ߬, ѡ߬, ެ߬, ٬߬ .
ӿ Ӭ ի 150 ѽѬ, ٽ ߫ 3 ի.
ӫ ӫ ߽ѽ (1931.):
" ūӫ߬ Կ ү ẫѡ ߫-ѫѡ߬
ѽ "滫 ޡ". — , ԫ
ӡ ӫ߬ ߫. 諻 ԫ ٽ
Ӵ ỿ ӫ߬ . ի
ᬿ ӿ. ӿ ,
Ѽ Ӵ, Ѽ իѡ ѽ .
ᬿ, ߽ ԫ, ӿߴ, ԫ Ѭԫ Ѭߴ Ѻ
. տѻ߬ ߬ ѡἿ ߽ ѡ
ի ԫ ӡ . ԫ ѽ ѽ , ӫ
Һ ԫ, ߬ ѡ ӿի Ὣ Ἷ.
Ѻ߬ Ӭ ߬ү ߽Ҫ, ԫ ᡫ
29 ӫ Կ. ԫ ѡ ߫ Ѯ Ѭߴ ӫ
ѡ. տ ѡ , Ѵ , ѽѬ 150
".
ӡ Ѯ ӿ Ѻ߬ү Ӭ ӿѺ ѡ
ӫ ɫ߿.
. ٽ ԡټ Ѽ. ӿիڿ ի ,
ߴ , ԫ ߫ Ҫߴ ڿ Ѯ.
Ѭߴ , ի ߵѽѡ ߫ Ѯ߬ ӫ.
. ӫ ӫӽԿ. ߬, ӿիᡬ,
, ӫ ӫ, ү . ,
߽ ٽ Ѭ, ٽ Ѭ. "ԯެ, , ", —
ѻҽ Ἷ . : Ѫ
ᬫ 俼ӿ, Ѯ ߴ ӿ: " ѡ ѵ
ӿ߽ !".
ѽ ӫ 100 150 Ѻ. ӫ ūӫ߬ү Ӭ
ѡ Ѽ
-
Ҽѡ
1926
ԫ Ҭ տѻ߬ ѡ (߽߬)
-
ɴ߬ ., ߬ ., .Ѻ (١ ɴ߬ ., ߬ .), ūӫ߬ Ӭ
Ҽѡ
䫽 ԫѽ
1926
1931
ߴ 5
Ҽѡ ӿѺ ɴ ԫӪѡټ , ߽Ҫ
߫ ѻ߬ ѡѼ (߽߬).
ԫӫ 20- Ὣ ߫ Կ ӬѮ,
߬߬ ӿ, -߬ү ,
ߴ ѡ ɫ߿.
߬ ӫ߬ , 䫡߬ ߬. 䫡߬ ٽ
իӫ ӿ ƿի. 1930. , ߴ
ӫԫ Ѽ (ӫ߬).
ߴ ѻ߬ ǡԫ.
1930. Ѻ߬ ӡ Ѯ ӿ,
߫Ὣ ѡ߽ҪѽѮ Ӵ.
ɴ߬ ߫Ὣ ߬: " .Ѻ ߽ ԫ
ѽ ԫ ߫ٮ ỽ — 8 ߴ ѽѬ.
ᬫ ޫ ߬ѡ ӫ ۴ߡߴ Ѽ, ԫ .Ѻ ߽Ҫ
ѡ Ѭԫ , ԫٮ ߴ ߫ѡټ ԫӿԫ, ߽
"ԫ", ӫ Կ ߫ԫ ẽټ ӫ Ѻ,
Ѽ Ѽ ߴ ӫ Ὣ, ߫ 諺߬
߬ . 11 1930. ի 20
200 ѽѬ ү ݽѼѡ. Ҫ ӫի ѡ ԫ.
, Ѽ ѯߴ Ѽѡ
ӫڿ ӿ ạ ᮫ տ ެ".
1930. 1931. ӫ ӿѺ ɴ ԫӪѡټ
, ߽Ҫ ߫.
ӫ ӫӽԿ, ѽ
Ѻ߬ ի, : "ūҮ, ӻ, ߽, Ἷ!"
Ҽѡ ߽:
" տ, ԫ ӿի ߴ ūӫ߬ү Ӭ,
һѪ ԫ, ԫ ѡ , ԫ Ҫ Ѽ ԫߴ.
Ѽ ٽ ԫ ӫ [1930] , ޫѬ ѽѼ ѡ
ѽ ѡ"
-
ɴ߬ ., ߬ ., .Ѻ
1931
ѡ 31
ߴ 5
. ٽ ԫ 38 ҼѡἿ Ἷ
-
ӫ ӿ ߬߬ .
09/10/1931
ѡ "ᵿ / Ӭ-տ߬ һӫ үڿ ӿԫӿ ɴ߬, ߬ . ᮫, ᵿ ѽ Ӵ, ѡ / ӫ, 1920."
.58–10
ӿ 10 ѡ 5 Ӵ
һ ѽ "ѽ Ҽѡ (Ӵտ) . ѽ .Ѻ. ɴ߬ ., 1931."
Ѽ Կߴ ߽ Ҽѡ ӻѽ ӫ,
ѡ, ӫ, ߫Ӫߴ ի . ӫ ӫ
Ѫѡ : "߽, , տ". ѽ
ѡ ߽ , ӫԿ ѡ߽ҪѽѮ , ү
, ӫԿ ٬ ѡ (߽߬), ԫ : "ӫ
ӫԿ Կ , ԫ ӫ
һἿ , ԫ ӫԿ ".
ӫ
"滫 ޡ" 1930.:
"ū߽ ߽Ҫѡ ѡ 17 ѽѬ Ѽ ӿѡ
߫ Ѻ . Ѽ Ὣ, ԫ
ᬽ ߽ҪѽѮ Ӭ Ὣ
߽ Ӭ ᡫߴ ټ, Ҫ ߴ ߡѡ Ὣ".
9 ԴӴ 1931. ٽ ӿѡ 10 , ,
諽 12 Ӵ 1931. ӫ ᬽѡ ٽ ߫ѡ 5 Ѯ
-
ɴ߬ ., ., 䫼
1931
ѡ 31
ߴ 5
1931
ɴ, 䫼
1931
1931
߬, ߬ ԯ
1931
1931
ߴ 11
ѽԽ
1931
1936
ٽ ѡ ߡ 1936.
ū ԫ [1] ѡ 1935.
-
ɴ߬ ., ߬ ., .Ѻ
1936
1938
ߴ 3
ū ӫ ߡ 1936., ӡҽߴ ɴ߬ү .
ӿٽ ѽ ӫ ᮡ. ټ ѽ ӡٮ
"滫 ޡ" ӿ ѽ — ߴ
Ѽ ѡ, ߽Ҫ Ѽ Ѭ. Ѽ .,
߬ӡѡ ӡ , ѡ ߬, ١ Ӵ.
Ҽѡ Կߴ ɴ տѻ߬ ѡѼ, ԫٮ
߫ԫ Ѽ ԫ, ԫ Ѫ ߬ӫ ,
(), ԫ .
ū ԫ [1]: ߡ 1935. ߽ѡ ٬ ѡ,
ӡҽߴ ߽Ҫѡ .Ѻ, ٽ ԫ ѡ 1937. Ѻ 7
ߴ ᬽѡ Ӭ, 1938., .58–10 ٽ ӿѡ ᬽѡ
ӿ߬ ѽѡ (߿߬ ., ӿ߬ .,
.ա ҽ)
()
1936
1937
ū ӿԿ . ᬫߴ ߫ ѡ .ᡡ ӫެټ,
߽Ҫ ߬ Ӭ. .ᡡ Ѽ Կ .
ӫѡ ., ӫ .轴 ߬, Ѽ
ӿ. ӿ . ӫ , ԫ ߴ ѽ
߬ (߬) ., ߬ ., .
1937
1938
ߴ 3
. ѽߴ , ӿѪѮ ѽ ԫ ѽ ԫ,
ӿիѼߴ . ӫѡ. ( ԫ ߽ Կ
ԫӫ ӫ ᬽѡ Ӭ ӫߴ ԫԬ,
ӿѽ ߬ү ᡯ ӿ߫ ).
. ԫ ӿ ߬ү Ӭ
Ѯ ӿ "ѫ һ".
1938. . ٽ ѡ ԫ ѡ .諡ᬫ,
Իߴ
-
߬ (߬) ., .諡ᬫ
Ҽѡ
1938
ߴ 3
1938
ū ӿԿ ѽ . ߫ ӫԫ Իߴ ᮿ,
ԫ ӿӫߴ, ԫ ᬫ. ᮿ ᵿ
Ԭ Ի ѡ ԫ ӫ ԡ ѽѡ
, ᵿ ᬪ ٽ Ԭᡫ, . Իߴ
-
߬ ., ߬ ., .
1938
1939
ߴ 8
-
߬ ., ߬ ., .
1939
ѡ 28
ߴ 8
28 1939., ѡ ѡ Ѯ ӿ Կ ᡬ
., ᬪ ѻ߬ ߬ ώ (ѡ),
ѡ, ᬫ ԫӫ ߬ Ӭ
ѡ. ӿ ԫ ..
ԫ Ѽ . ٽ ߽Ҫѡ ߬
. Ѽ ߽Ҫ Ѽ ѽ ᬫ ӿԫ, ԫٮ
߽Ҫ ԫ , ߫ڿ ., ԫ ӿ ԫ
߫ ߫ԫ ߬ߴ. ūӿ ᬫ, . ,
ԫ ߽ Ѫ , ԫ իԴ ԫߴ
Ѽ, .. ѫߴ ѻ ڿ, Ѻ ԫ Կ
ѽ, Ѽ ԯެ Ѽ . ӫѡ
ᡫ ԫټ Ѫ Ѻ , ᡵ ҽ,
. -ᡴ. ԫ ѡ Ҽѡ
ԫ ԫ
-
ӫ ӿ ߬ .
04/03/1940
ѡ "Կ / Ӭ-տ߬ һӫ, Ҭ ѻ߬ ώѼ, / ߬, / Ѵѽ"
.58–10
ӿ 3
Ҽѡ ߴ 24 ѽټ ӫ.
ѻ߬ ώ (ѡ), տѻ߬ ѡ (߽߬),
ӫԫѴ ѫ ѡ߬, ի
-ӿ߬ ѽ տӿ (Ӵ߬), ѽߴ
߽ ٽ 1933. . ߬ . ѡ߽ҪѽѮ.
ġ Ԭߴ .
鿡ټ / ѴѽԿ Կ / Ӭ-տ߬ һӫ
ӿ
-
߬, ߬ ԯ
1939
1940
ߴ 3
ӿ ߽ ߫Ӫߴ Ѯ ߬ ԯ
߿߬ ., .ӿ߬, ӿ߬ , ٽٮ ҡ
1940
ѡ 17
ߴ 4
1940
߿߬ ., .ա ҽ, ӿ߬ , -ᡫ߬ ѽѡ
1942
ѡ 7
ߴ 3
Ӫߴ -ᡫ߬ ѽѡ ӿ߬ ߫ ạѡ
-
1942
ѡ 7
ߴ 3
Ҽ
ԫ ߿߬ ., .ա ҽ, ӿ߬ , -ᡫ߬ ѽѡ
ӿ ѡ , ӫ Ѭ߿.
9 ߫ԫ ѡ տҼѡ .
ӫ ߴ ӫ߬
-
ѻѡ Ҽѡ (Ӵտ)
12/03/2002
Ѽ ᡫӫ տѮ߬ ߬ ߽ Ӭ, 13–16 2000. ѡٮ 濡, Ļѽѡ 12 2002.
ԫ ɴ߬ ѻտ
䡿 ἴԿ
-
1
-
ѡ ɫ߿߬
߬ѡ, 25.01/07.02
-
ٮ Կ 22.02
ٮ Կ 07.03
ѡ ѡ߬ (1942.)
-
02/08/1989
Ѽ Կӫ ӫ ɴ߬ .
ū ѻ߿ 1931
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